Two New Complex Calcium Ferrite Phases

Two distinct phases of calcium signalling under flow.

AIMS High shear stress (HSS) can have significant impact on angiogenesis and atherosclerosis in collateral arteries near the bifurcation and curvature regions. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of HSS-induced intracellular calcium alteration. METHODS AND RESULTS Genetically encoded biosensors based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer were targeted in the cytoplasm and the ...

Exocytosis in peptidergic nerve terminals exhibits two calcium-sensitive phases during pulsatile calcium entry.

The link between electrical activity, Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated channels, and transmitter or hormone secretion is a central issue in neurobiology. In peptidergic nerve terminals of the mammalian neurohypophysis (NHP), secretion is elicited by patterned bursts of action potentials (APs). All parameters of the bursts are important to elicit efficient secretion, including AP frequency, AP b...

Live Imaging of Calcium Dynamics during Axon Degeneration Reveals Two Functionally Distinct Phases of Calcium Influx.

UNLABELLED Calcium is a key regulator of axon degeneration caused by trauma and disease, but its specific spatial and temporal dynamics in injured axons remain unclear. To clarify the function of calcium in axon degeneration, we observed calcium dynamics in single injured neurons in live zebrafish larvae and tested the temporal requirement for calcium in zebrafish neurons and cultured mouse DRG...

New Developments in Ferrite Plating

The ferrite plating a method synthesizing ferrite films from an aqueous solution -has developed lately as follows; (1) Applying power ultrasound to aqueous solution improves the qualities of ferrite coating on polymer microspheres much, (2) similarity is found between mechanisms of the ferrite plating and bacterial FesO4 ( magnetsome) synthesis, (3) using highly alkaline (pH=13) solution contai...

I5i. a New Form of Chromatogram Employing Two Liquid Phases